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        Genomics Precision Diagnostic > Immunology Precision Panel > Chronic Granulomatous Disease Precision Panel

        Chronic Granulomatous Disease Precision Panel

        Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is a genetically heterogeneous condition featuring recurrent, life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections as well as granuloma formation. CGD is caused by defects in the oxidative mechanisms found in phagocytes that are responsible for the destruction of certain microbes.
        Overview
        Indication
        Clinical Utility
        Genes & Diseases
        Methodology
        References

        Overview

        • Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is a genetically heterogeneous condition featuring recurrent, life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections as well as granuloma formation. CGD is caused by defects in the oxidative mechanisms found in phagocytes that are responsible for the destruction of certain microbes. Thus, these genetic defects result in a primary immunodeficiency caused by the inability of phagocytes to destroy foreign microbes. The characteristic infections of patients with CGD are those caused by catalase positive microorganism in the lung, skin, lymph nodes and liver. Symptoms typically appear during the first year of life in the form of infections, dermatitis, gastrointestinal complications and failure to thrive. This disease primarily affects males, and the mode of inheritance is X-linked.  

        • The Igenomix Chronic Granulomatous Disease Precision Panel can be used for an accurate and directed diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis of recurrent infections ultimately leading to a better management and prognosis of the disease. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the genes involved in this disease using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to fully understand the spectrum of relevant genes involved. 

           

        Indication

        • The Igenomix Chronic Granulomatous Disease Precision Panel is used for patients with a clinical diagnosis or suspicion with or without the following symptoms: 
          • Recurrent bacterial infections 
          • Recurrent fungal infections 
          • Growth failure 
          • Abnormal wound healing 
          • Diarrhea 
          • Granulomatous dermatitis 
          • Hepatomegaly 
          • Splenomegaly
          • Lymphadenitis 

        Clinical Utility

        The clinical utility of this panel is: 

        • The genetic and molecular confirmation for an accurate clinical diagnosis of a symptomatic patient. 
        • Early initiation of antimicrobial prophylaxis with antibacterial, antifungal and immunomodulators, rapid recognition and treatment of infections as well as aggressive management of infectious complications. In case of multidrug refractoriness, life-threatening infections, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a valid curative option.  
        • Risk assessment and genetic counselling of asymptomatic family members according to the mode of inheritance.  
        • Improvement of delineation of genotype-phenotype correlation.  

        Genes & Diseases

        Methodology

        References

        See scientific referrals

        Winkelstein, J., Marino, M., Johnston, R., Boyle, J., Curnutte, J., & Gallin, J. et al. (2000). Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Report on a National Registry of 368 Patients. Medicine, 79(3), 155-169. doi: 10.1097/00005792-200005000-00003 

        van den Berg, J., van Koppen, E., Åhlin, A., Belohradsky, B., Bernatowska, E., & Corbeel, L. et al. (2009). Chronic Granulomatous Disease: The European Experience. Plos ONE, 4(4), e5234. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005234 

        Roos, D., & de Boer, M. (2014). Molecular diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. Clinical & Experimental Immunology, 175(2), 139-149. doi: 10.1111/cei.12202 

        Segal, B., Romani, L., & Puccetti, P. (2009). Chronic granulomatous disease. Cellular And Molecular Life Sciences, 66(4), 553-558. doi: 10.1007/s00018-009-8506-y 

        Arnold, D., & Heimall, J. (2017). A Review of Chronic Granulomatous Disease. Advances In Therapy, 34(12), 2543-2557. doi: 10.1007/s12325-017-0636-2 

        Agarwal, S. (2015). Chronic Granulomatous Disease. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research. doi: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12139.5945 

        Roos D. (2016). Chronic granulomatous disease. British medical bulletin, 118(1), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldw009 

        Rider, N. L., Jameson, M. B., & Creech, C. B. (2018). Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Genetic Basis of Disease. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 7(suppl_1), S2–S5. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piy008 

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